An article by the Future of Privacy Forum (FPF) discusses the growing fragmentation of global data protection and privacy laws driven by geopolitical instability, trade disputes, and artificial intelligence (AI). Despite increased cross-border enforcement cooperation, the world is witnessing a divergence in legal systems, making data flows more complex and challenging. The race for AI supremacy, which relies on borderless data access, is a significant factor in this fragmentation, as data protection laws often form the basis for AI regulation.
FPF argues that fragmentation manifests as a multiplicity of legal norms, courts, and regulatory practices, reflecting diverse cultural and legal values. However, it also creates conflicts and burdens for data flows. The article highlights the recent developments in the European Union, China, and the United States as examples of this trend. Ultimately, the FPF concludes that geopolitical crises and legal fragmentation pose a significant threat to the protection of free cross-border data flows, requiring increased attention to these factors.
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